And thoma



(No Model.)

- N. W. GONDICT, Jr. 8v T. ROSE.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS. No. 311,062. Patented Jan. 20.1885.

N. FETERS Pnnwmhugmpher, wnsmngmn, 11C.

i UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE, i.

NATHAN W. oONDrcT, JE., OE JEESEY OITY, NEW JEESEY, AND THOMAS EOSE, OEBROOKLYN, NEW YOEH.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,062, dated January20, 1885.

Application filed November 24, 1884. (No model.)

T all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, NATHAN W. GONDroT, Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in Jersey City, New Jersey, and THOMAS BOSE, a subjectof the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing in Brooklyn, NewYork, have invented certain Improvements in Re frigerating Apparatus,ofwhich the following is a specification. 1o Our invention consists ofcertain improvements, fully described and Vclaimed hereinafter, in therefrigerating apparatus for which application for Letters Patent No.128,206 was filed by Thomas Rose, April 17, 1884, the said r 5application having been allowed June 20, 1884. rlhe accompanying drawingi1lustrates,partly in section, the refrigerating apparatus with ourimprovements.

The parts composing the apparatus are as follows: rst, a gas-pump, P,preferably constructed in the manner hereinafter set forth; second,areceiver, K; third,a pipepn, through which the gas is forced from thepump into the receiver K, the pipe being furnished with suitablestop-valves, x and y',- fourth, the vacuum-chamber I and a pipe, t,forming a' communication between said chamber and the inletchamber ofthe pump; fifth, a pump, H, below or adjoining the vacuum-chamber I, andhaving an inletchamber communicating therewith; sixth, an absorber, A,with which the receiver K communicates through a pipe, a; seventh, asecondary absorber, B, similar to the irst, and communicating therewiththrough a pipe, n; eighth, a refrigerating-chamber, W, which contains asystem of refrigerating-pipes, and which can be constructedin differentways without departing from our invention; ninth, pipes @,through whichthe pump H forces the refrigerating solution derived from thevacuumchamber into the pipes of the refrigerating-chamber, the saidpipes forming a continuation of the spent-liquor pipe e; tenth, a seriesof vessels, D D D2 D3, forming,with connecting-pipes e2, continuationsof the spentliquor pipe e', and'forming a communication between thelatter and the vessel E; eleventh, a circulating-pump, R, for forcingthe spent liquor into the secondary absorber B; twelfth, 5o anothercirculating-pump, 'I, for forcing the spent liquor received from thesecondary absorber into the receiver K; thirteenth, a pipe, s, furnishedwith a stop or feed valve, o, and forming ay communication between thefirst absorber, A, and the vacuumchamber,and in 55 its course assumingthe form of coils in the several vessels D, D', D2, D3, and E.

In order to charge the machine with hydrate of ammonia in the iirstinstance, the valve y is closed and the valves a: z v opened, after 6owhich the pump I? is set in motion,so as to expel the air from everypart of the machine through a branch, x', of the valve x. If, afterthis, the valves z and o be closed and a temporary communication be madebetween the pipel and a vessel containing a proper quantity onf thesolution, and the Stop-valve of the pipe be opened, this solution willenter the machine through the vessel E, and when the solution can beseen through a gage-glass on 7o the absorber A the apparatus will beproperly charged and the valve of the pipe Z may be closed.

To Set the apparatus in motion the valve x must be closed, and thevalves y andev opened, and feed-valve U so adjusted that mercury in agageglass attached to the vacuumchamber I shall register at about 27 ofvacuum. The saturated vsolution is conveyed by the pipe s to thevacuum-chamber I, and is admitted 8O thereto in suitable quantitythrough the said valve o. In this chamber the Solution comes under theinfluence of the pump P by way of the pipe t, the pump extracting aportion of gas from thesolution and reducing the temperature of theremaining solution nearly to zero. This remaining solution coming underthe influence of the pump H is forced through any desirable system ofpipes or passages in the refrigeratingchamber W, and when the 9osolution in traversing these pipes has absorbed the requisite amount ofheat it becomes spent liquor, which, on leaving the saidrefrigerating-chamber by the pipe e', has to be returned to the absorberA, to be resaturated with gas, which is constantly entering the saidabsorber from the pump P through the pipe m, receiver K, and pipe a,thelatter extending nearly to the bottom of the said absorber. The spentliquor which leaves the pipes of 10o the refrigerating-chamber by way ofthe pipe e takes a circuitous course before it reaches the absorber, forthe vessels D, D, D2, D3, and E are really enlarged continuations of thesaid pipe e', and are always full of the spent solution, which, onleaving the vessel E, comes under the influence of the pump R, and isforced by the latter into the secondary absorber B, -where it iiows tothe pump T, and by the latter is forced into the receiver K, where it ispartially saturated with gas from the pump P prior to entering theabsorber A, where it is thoroughly saturated. The strength of thesolution fed to the machine determines, in a great measure, thetemperature of the refrigerating solution which enters the pump H, andit is most desirable to have the solution saturated at its full strengthat all times. In using one absorber only this is difficult ofaccomplishment without at times creating some pressure in the machine;but by adding a second absorber, B, to take up the excess of gas fromthe rst, this trouble is entirely overcome. The temperature of the feedsolu tion as it enters the vacuum-chamber I also influences therefrigerating solution, and hence it is important that this feedsolution should be reduced in temperature on its way from the absorber Ato the vacuum-chamber I. This is done by continuing the conveying-pipe sin the form of coils-one coil in each of the vessels D, D', D2, D3, andE-before the said pipe Ythe temperature of the spent liquor from therefrigerator rarely exceeds but by passing the feed solution in onedirection through the pipes exposed to the spent solution circulating ina contrary direction the feed solution will enter the vacuum-chamber Iat or near a temperature of 30, while the spent liquor will enter theabsorber at or neara temperature of 80; but the spent liquor, onreaching the absorber,where it is saturated with gas, must be reduced intemperature, and this is brought about in the present instance by thecirculation of cold water within a jacket, d, surrounding the chamber,and through the coil f, in which cold water is also circulated, thesecondary absorberB being under similar cooling influences. Vhen thespent liquor has reached the vessel E, it fiows thence, as beforeremarked, into the chamber of the small pump R, and is forced therebyinto the secondary absorber B, and thence it passes to the chamber ofanother small pump, T, and is forced thereby into the receiver K. Thereason for this arrangement of circulating-pumps is to enable gas topass from the absorber A to the absorber B through the pipe n, and air,if any, to pass from the secondary absorber B to the vessel E throughthe pipe o. The presence of air in the machine may sometimes occur,owing to leaky joints. Should this be the case, it will pass from thesecondary absorber into the vessel E, and can be permitted to escapethrough the pipe Z. The presence of air in the machine may be indicatedby a pressure-gage applied to the receiver K. The spent liquor is pumpedinto the receiver K rather than into the absorber A, because it willtake up some gas in its passage from K to A down the pipe a, and soreduce the quantity of gas to be admit"- ted to the absorber. Thereceiver K has other uses. For example, it materially reduces theintermittent action of the gas-pump, and so induces the gas to flow in acomparatively uniform current into the absorber A; but its principal useis to prevent the flow of the solution intothe pump P when the machineis stopped, which it would do should the pipe m be carried directly intothe absorberA.

It should here be understood that in carrying out the main feature ofour invention it is not essential to adhere to the construction of theseveral parts or arrangements of part-s illustrated in the drawing,which has been introduced more as a diagram to illustrate the mode ofoperation of the invention and some of its special features than as adefinite guide for constructing and arranging the several v the severalvessels, and to use lead pipes for Y the coils. It may be remarked, as aconclu sion tothe above description of the apparatus, that itsoperations are entirely under the con- IOO IIO

trol of the feed-valve c, and that when the latter has been onceproperly adjusted the apparatus will continue in action withoutintermission as long as the movements of the pumps are continued. Thepump P is preferably similar to that described in an application for apatent filed by N. W. Gondict, March 31, 1884, Serial No. 126,098,certain features of the pump being also shown in the application for apatent iiled by Thomas Rose, March 3l, 1884, Serial No. 126,188.

Ve claim as our invention- 1. The combination of the absorber ofrefrigerating apparatus with a secondary absorber communicating with thefirst, for receiving from the latter any surplus gas, and therebypreventing the creation of pressure in the apparatus, substantially asset forth.

2. The combination of the pipe e', for carrying the feed solution fromthe pipes or passages of the refrigerating-chamber, a series of vessels,D D', i1-c., forming enlarged continuations of the pipe, the pipe s, forconveying In testimony whereof we have signed our the soiutionfrom theabsorber to the vacuumnames to this specification in the presence ofchamber, and coils forming parts of the pipes two subscribing witnesses.and contained in the above-mentioned vessels, substantially asspecified. NATHAN W. CONDICT, JR.

3. The combination of the first and second- THOMAS ROSE. ary absorbersand the vessel E and its pipe Z Y with the circulating-pumps R and T andre- Witnesses:

ceiver K, communicating with the first ab- JOHN M. CLAYTON, 1o sorber,substantially as described. HARRY SMITH.

